Which health-related component of physical fitness pertains to joint movement?

Flexibility is the health-related component of physical fitness that specifically pertains to joint movement. It is defined as the range of motion available at a joint or group of joints, and it reflects the ability of a muscle to lengthen and allow movement across a joint. Good flexibility can enhance performance in physical activities and reduce the risk of injuries by allowing joints to move freely through their full range of motion.

Unlike muscular strength, which focuses on the maximum amount of force a muscle can exert, or aerobic capacity, which relates to the efficiency of the cardiovascular system during sustained physical activity, flexibility emphasizes the pliability of muscles and tendons around the joints. Body composition, on the other hand, refers to the ratio of fat to lean mass in the body, and does not directly relate to the movement capabilities of joints. Thus, flexibility is clearly the component that directly addresses joint movement and mobility.